Insulin is a hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar in the body and problems with the insulin mechanism can lead to diabetes, also known as diabetes mellitus. Type 2 form of diabetes, which is generally divided into Type 1 and Type 2, is becoming more common. What is Type 2 diabetes? and the question has also been raised. Type 2 diabetes occurs when the body cannot produce enough insulin or cannot use the insulin produced. In type 2 diabetes, the level of sugar in the blood rises and as a result of this rise, many systems in the body, especially the circulatory system, nervous system and immune system, can be adversely affected.
Symptoms and Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes
In type 2 diabetes, sugar symptoms may occur in the body due to rising blood sugar. Symptoms of elevated sugar that may occur in type 2 diabetes, which can progress without symptoms in the first stage, may include
Feeling of thirst,
Frequent urination,
Unwanted weight loss,
Constant feeling of hunger,
Fatigue
Delayed healing of wounds,
Tingling and numbness in the hands and feet,
Blurred vision
In order to diagnose type 2 diabetes, the doctor first performs a detailed examination and takes a history. If a person has symptoms of Type 2 diabetes, some tests may be ordered to diagnose the disease. The results of the tests help in the diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes. These tests may include:
HbA1c Test: The HbA1c (glycosylated hemoglobin) test, commonly used in type 2 diabetes, evaluates the average blood glucose level over the last two to three months. According to the test result, an HbA1c level below 5.7% is considered normal, while values between 5.7% and 6.4% are interpreted as prediabetes (pre-diabetes). Two separate test results of 6.5% or higher indicate diabetes.
Random Blood Glucose Measurement: A random blood glucose measurement is a blood glucose measurement regardless of when the last meal was eaten. A blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L) or more indicates diabetes.
Fasting Blood Glucose Measurement: Fasting blood glucose measurement requires at least 8 hours of fasting. A blood glucose level of less than 100 mg/dL (5.6 mmol/L) is considered healthy, while values between 100 and 125 mg/dL (5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L) are interpreted as prediabetes. Two separate test results of 126 mg/dL (7 mmol/L) or higher indicate diabetes.
Management and Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes
Some methods of treating type 2 diabetes can help alleviate the symptoms caused by the disease. Some of these methods are as follows:
Healthy Nutrition: Nutrition plays a major role in regulating blood sugar levels in the body. A balanced and regular diet can help keep blood sugar levels within normal ranges.
Regular Exercise: Regular exercise can help control weight and regulate blood sugar levels.
Medication Therapy: It is important to follow the medication recommended by the doctor in the management of type 2 diabetes. Drug therapy for type 2 diabetes is discussed below.
Drug Therapy and Insulin Use
The aim of drug treatment for type 2 diabetes is to keep blood sugar levels within normal ranges. There are many medications available and the doctor decides which medication to use based on individual characteristics and the condition of the disease.
One of the methods used in the treatment of type 2 diabetes is the use of insulin. If medication is not sufficient to regulate blood sugar levels, insulin treatment may need to be started.
Health is an important concept that affects quality of life. Maintaining and improving health helps to lead a better quality of life. You can also receive remote healthcare services without the need to go to the hospital by making 24/7 online interviews with expert physicians within One Does Health healthcare services and support you to protect your health.
